1. Sebagai pokok kalimat
2. Sebagai objek kalimat
3. Sebagai pelengkap
4. Sebagai noun modifier
5. Setelah possessive adjective
6. Setelah preposition
7. Menunjukkan lararangan
1. Sebagai pokok kalimat
contoh;
1. Cooking is a good hobby
2. Baking a cake is very hard
3. Riding a bicycle is nor easy
Keterangan
- Cooking, baking, dan riding adalah gerund berfungsi sebagai subjek kalimat
- Kata-kata tersebut berasal dari kata kerja cook, bake, dan ride dengan mendapatkan akhiran ing sehingga menjadi kata benda dan bukan menunujukkan sedang
Contoh;
1. I enjoy riding bicycle
2. I like swimming
3. They practise speaking english
4. She begins studying english
Keterangan
- Kata-kata yang berakhiran dengan ing pada contoh diatas adalah gerund yang berfungsi sebagai objek kalimat
admit, avoid, deny, finish, mention, practise, recommend, resist, advise, complete, discuss, forget, remember, mind, quit, begin, start, stop, continue, finish, regret, risk, anticipate, consider, dislike, like, hate, can't help, miss, recall, appreciate, delay, enjoy, keep, postpone, recollect, resend, suggest, prefer, neglect, imagine, go, come.
tetapi kata kerja stop, forget, dan remember dapat diikiti oleh gerund dan to infinitive dengan makna yang berbeda, perhatikan contoh berikut !
1. When I was young, I used to smoke but I have stopped smoking
2. I worked hard whole day yesterday. I only stopped to smoke
Keterangan
- Pada contoh no 1, maksudnya ketika masih muda saya suka merokok tetapi saya sudah berhenti merokok dan saya tidak merokok lagi
- Pada contoh no 2, maksudnya saya berhenti bekerja untuk merokok
Contoh;
1. The woman began to laugh atau the woman began laughing
2. I dislike playing cards atau I dislike to play cards
3. We continued moving slowly atau we continued to move slowly
3. Sebagai pelengkap
Contoh;
1. My hobby is swimming
2. My favorite sport is playing badminton
Keterangan
- swimming dan playing adalah gerund sebagai pelengkap
Contoh;
1. The drawing book is on the table
2. The waiting room is full of people
Keterangan
- Pada contoh kalimat di atas kata drawing menjelaskan kegunaan dari buku yaitu untuk menggambar
- Pada contoh no. 2, kata waiting menjelaskan kegunaan ruang yaitu tempat untuk menunggu
Contoh;
1. Shinta's leaving makes Denny sad
2. Your counting is correct
3. My drawing is very beautiful
6. Setelah preposition
jika suatu kata kerja, kata sifat, dan kata benda diikuti oleh preposition maka kata kerja yang mengikutinya harus dalam bentuk gerund
Contoh;
1. He insisted on taking the bus
2. I am thinking of going to Bali
3. We are talking about spending our holiday
4. I am afraid of walking alone in the darkness
5. She is fond of hiking
6. There is a possibility of meeting him tomorrow
7. Menunjukkan larangan
Contoh;
1. No smoking
2. No parking
LATIHAN A
Nyatakan apakah gerund pada kalimat berikut sebagai subjek, objek, atau pelengkap !
1. Reading increases your knowledge
2. My sister's hobby is cooking
3. My friend likes fishing
4. Girls usually like shopping
5. I prefer standing to sitting when I teach my students
6. They haven't finished doing their homework
7. I imagine winning the game
8. Riding motorcycle is not easy
LATIHAN B
Nyatakan apakah kata yang dicetak miring gereund, present participle, atau past participle !
1. They practise speaking English
2. My favorite sport is riding bicycle
3. The doctor's waiting room is full of the patients
4. The crying baby is very hungry
5. The woman reading magazine in the library is my english teacher
6. The dictionary given by uncle is very useful
7. Not studying caused his failure
8. The building painted white is our school
9. Oxygen released by plants is very important for people
10. My grandmother told us an interesting story last night
LATIHAN C
Ubahlah kata kerja yang ada dalam kurung menjadi present participle atau past participle!
1. They carried him out of the (burn) house
2. We are (interest) in (study) English
3. Some students are very (disappoint) with the result of the test
4. Most children feel (scare) after (watch) horror film
5. When I got home yesterday, I found the children (play) marbles in my home yard
6. (get) married) does not depend on the age
7. All goods (sell) in the store can be (bargain)
8. The patients of the doctor are (wait) in the the (wait) room
9. Waiting is is (bore) work
10. I do not like (play) chess
LATIHAN D
Terjemahkan kalimat berikut kedalam bahasa inggris!
1. Saya sangat tertarik dengan belajar bahasa inggris
2. Belajar bahasa inggris harus dilakukan secara contnue
3. Wanita yang sedang mengendarai mobil itu adalah ibuku
4. Surat yang ditulis oleh sekretaris sudah dikirimkan
5. Carbondioxide (Co2) yang dikeluarkan oleh manusia diperlukan oleh tumbuhan
thank you sir...
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